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	<title>Personas: Gode råd &#038; meninger</title>
	<atom:link href="http://personas.dk/?feed=rss2" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://personas.dk</link>
	<description>Lene Nielsens blog om personas</description>
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		<title>Links from InfoDesign</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=136</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=136#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 Jun 2010 11:01:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[In English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=136</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Zombie Personas
&#8220;This is by far the nerdiest episode we ever did, so fasten your seat belts. In his session at UXcamp, Tom said: &#8220;Personas – love &#8216;em or hate &#8216;em – you can&#8217;t not use &#8216;em. Either you have zombies, or you have living ones.&#8221; In this recording of his session he talks about different [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Zombie Personas</strong><br />
&#8220;This is by far the nerdiest episode we ever did, so fasten your seat belts. In his session at UXcamp, Tom said: &#8220;Personas – love &#8216;em or hate &#8216;em – you can&#8217;t not use &#8216;em. Either you have zombies, or you have living ones.&#8221; In this recording of his session he talks about different kinds of zombies like Mirror Personas, Undead Personas, Unicorn Personas or Stupid User Personas. He gives advice on how to avoid these fellas and how to make good use of living personas during a project. As a bonus, Tom explains why 37signals doesn&#8217;t need personas at all.&#8221;<br />
(UX Café)<br />
<a href="http://www.uxcafe.de/2010/06/zombie-personas/" target="_blank">http://www.uxcafe.de/2010/06/zombie-personas/</a></p>
<p><strong>Using Persona Advocates to develop user-centric intranets and portals</strong><br />
&#8220;Grasping complex information needs and uses can indeed be daunting. One powerful design tool, personas, can help make sense of these needs and provide a framework for building Intranets that will satisfy a variety of needs. Effectively developed and used, personas enable Intranet teams to hone in on user needs and build interfaces and user experiences that end-user audiences can and will use.&#8221;</p>
<p>(McQueen Consulting)<br />
<a href="http://www.mcq.com/article-persona" target="_blank">http://www.mcq.com/article-persona</a></p>
<p><strong>Personas as User Assistance and Navigation Aids</strong><br />
&#8220;A lot of work goes into creating personas, and I was delighted to discover this innovative way in which the team carried forward the benefits of that work into the final product, where users could benefit from it as well. The personas also provide a rich form of user experience by portraying typical practices for effectively using the portal. I recommend that other UX designers consider applying personas in this way—initially using these user research artifacts during design, then incorporating them into products as user assistance and navigation aids.&#8221;<br />
(Mike Hughes ~ UXmatters)<br />
<a href="http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2010/06/personas-as-user-assistance-and-navigation-aids.php" target="_blank">http://www.uxmatters.com/mt/archives/2010/06/personas-as-user-assistance-and-navigation-aids.php</a></p>
<p><strong>The Essence of a Successful Persona Project<br />
</strong>&#8220;Personas are a flexible and powerful tool for user researchers. They&#8217;re also one of the most misunderstood. When done well, they ensure the team focuses on the needs and delights of their users. Like other effective user research techniques, personas deliver confidence and insights to the team. Personas help the team make important design decisions with a thorough understanding of who the users are, what they need, and when they need it.&#8221;<br />
(Jared Spool)<br />
<a href="http://www.uie.com/articles/essence_personas/?link=tips100217_4" target="_blank">http://www.uie.com/articles/essence_personas/?link=tips100217_4</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
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		<title>How does Cultural Knowledge Impact Personas Perception. My slides from UPA2010</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=128</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=128#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 May 2010 14:33:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[In English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=128</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[My presentation at UPA2010
TBD_NielsenL_How does cultural knowledge impact personas perception
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My presentation at UPA2010</p>
<p><a href="http://personas.dk/wp-content/TBD_NielsenL_Howdoesculturalknowledgeimpactpersonasperception.pdf">TBD_NielsenL_How does cultural knowledge impact personas perception</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Bibliotekspersonas</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=125</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=125#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Feb 2010 11:12:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=125</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Faldt lige over to artikler hvor biblioteker har brugt personas
&#8220;På fornavn med Eva og Mads Brian&#8220; &#8211; fra Roskilde bibliotek
&#8220;Målgrupper og personas&#8221; &#8211; fra Styrelsen for bibliotek og medier
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Faldt lige over to artikler hvor biblioteker har brugt personas</p>
<p>&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://www.bibliotekspressen.dk/Bladet/2008/Nr4/9.aspx">På fornavn med Eva og Mads Brian</a>&#8220;</span> &#8211; fra Roskilde bibliotek</p>
<p><a href="http://www.bibliotekspressen.dk/Bladet/2008/Nr4/9.aspx">&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Målgrupper og personas</span></a>&#8221; &#8211; fra Styrelsen for bibliotek og medier</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Using Storytelling to Identify Requirements – Exploring Persona-Scenarios in Context</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=120</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=120#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 28 Jan 2010 10:44:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[e-reporting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[information systems development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[narrative theory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[scenarios]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Storytelling]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=120</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ABSTRACT
By Sabine Madsen, Lene Nielsen
In this paper we explore the persona-scenario method as a means for requirements determination. More specifically, we investigate how the method can support groups of diverse ISD project participants in constructing and presenting multiple stories that complement each other in generating many, new, and shared understandings and design ideas. As persona-scenarios [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2>ABSTRACT</h2>
<p>By Sabine Madsen, Lene Nielsen</p>
<p>In this paper we explore the persona-scenario method as a means for requirements determination. More specifically, we investigate how the method can support groups of diverse ISD project participants in constructing and presenting multiple stories that complement each other in generating many, new, and shared understandings and design ideas. As persona-scenarios are stories about personas using IT systems we draw on narrative theory to define what a persona-scenario is and which narrative elements it should consist of. The conceptual clarification is used as an analytical lens for understanding an empirical study of a workshop that was held as a part of a large project concerned with redesign of an e-report portal for Danish governmental bodies. The aim of the workshop was to develop persona-scenarios about the future use of e-reports. A key finding is that despite our inherent human ability to construct, tell, and interpret stories it is not easy to write and present a good, coherent, and design-oriented story without methodical support. The paper therefore contributes to the field of ISD with theoretical and empirically grounded guidelines that delineate a) what a design-oriented persona-scenario should consist of (product) and b) how to write it (procedure) in order to generate and validate as many, new, and shared understandings and design ideas as possible (purpose).</p>
<p>Down load the full paper <a href="http://personas.dk/wp-content/using-storytelling-to-identify-requirements1.pdf">Using storytelling to identify requirements</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Personas posters</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=96</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=96#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Nov 2009 15:31:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[In English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=96</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ The poster10 Steps to Personas are now translated into several languages. You can
download a low resolution version of the poster here.
Dutch personas poster- lowres
English personas poster &#8211; lowres
Danish personas poster &#8211; lowres
Jose Vittone has translated the poster to Spanish. You can find his version here:
http://media.josevittone.com/docs/Personas-spanish-version-2009.pdf
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Lene/LOKALE%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot.png" alt="" /><a href="http://personas.dk/wp-content/personas-poster1.JPG"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-116" title="personas poster" src="http://personas.dk/wp-content/personas-poster1.JPG" alt="personas poster" width="307" height="430" /></a> The poster10 Steps to Personas are now translated into several languages. You can<br />
download a low resolution version of the poster here.</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="../wp-content/Dutch-poster-lowres1.pdf">Dutch personas poster- lowres</a></span></p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://personas.dk/wp-content/LOWRES-Personas-english-version-oktober-20082.pdf">English personas poster &#8211; lowres</a></span><a href="http://personas.dk/wp-content/10-trin-til-personas1.pdf"></a></p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><a href="http://personas.dk/wp-content/10-trin-til-personas1.pdf">Danish personas poster &#8211; lowres</a></span></p>
<p>Jose Vittone has translated the poster to Spanish. You can find his version here:</p>
<p><a rel="nofollow" href="http://media.josevittone.com/docs/Personas-spanish-version-2009.pdf">http://media.josevittone.com/docs/Personas-spanish-version-2009.pdf</a></p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://personas.dk/?feed=rss2&amp;p=96</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Personas study</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=79</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=79#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2009 12:58:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[In English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=79</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[We at Snitker &#38; Co. are conducting a personas study aimed at companies who have used personas in their work. If you have experience with using personas we would kindly ask you to help us and fill in the questionnaire.


]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We at Snitker &amp; Co. are conducting a personas study aimed at companies who have used personas in their work. If you have experience with using personas we would kindly ask you to help us and fill in the<span style="text-decoration: underline;"> <span style="color: #000000;"><a href="http://www.surveymonkey.com/s.aspx?sm=lvwU1rsQmk4LZ1yB4Rgxjg_3d_3d" target="_blank">questionnaire</a>.</span></span></p>
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		<title>Personas til BabySam</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=78</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=78#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2009 12:58:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=78</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Jeg bad Anne-Marie Christina Thoft om at beskrive sine erfaringer med at udvikle personas til et brugerfokuseret innovationsprojekt til babyudstyrsforretningen Babysam. Her er hendes erfaringer:
Prøv at beskrive projektet i korte træk?
BabySam er Danmarks største babyudstyrskæde med 32 forretninger fordelt over hele landet. En af BabySams nøgleudfordringer er at levere en på den ene side kundetilpasset [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Jeg bad <a href="mailto:a.thoft@gmail.com">Anne-Marie Christina Thoft</a> om at beskrive sine erfaringer med at udvikle personas til et brugerfokuseret innovationsprojekt til babyudstyrsforretningen Babysam. Her er hendes erfaringer:</p>
<p><strong>Prøv at beskrive projektet i korte træk?</strong></p>
<p>BabySam er Danmarks største babyudstyrskæde med 32 forretninger fordelt over hele landet. En af BabySams nøgleudfordringer er at levere en på den ene side kundetilpasset service af høj kvalitet og på den anden side ensartet serviceydelse på tværs af salgserfaring og branchekendskab. Desuden er produktkompleksiteten og brugernes produktviden steget mærkbart de seneste år, hvilket stiller høje krav til medarbejdernes viden og kompetence.</p>
<p>Igennem flere afklarende workshops mellem ledelse og butikschefer samt DESIGN CONCERN og konsulentvirksomheden, GEMBA Innovation, blev dette gjort klart.</p>
<p>Herefter blev der indsamlet data vha. online bruger-survey, semi-strukturerede interviews med kunder i butikken, fokus-gruppe interviews i mødregruppe og endeligt idé-sessions med BabySams nøglemedarbejdere. Det har givet et solidt vidensgrundlag om kundernes behov, og de ansattes forudsætninger for at kunne genkende disse behov. Løbende blev data omdannet til fiktive brugere, personas.</p>
<p>Denne proces er mundet ud i<br />
•    Koncept 1: Et uddannelsesmodul for servicemedarbejdere i at yde målrettet personlig rådgivning af kunder i BabySam-butikker med afsæt i kundernes individuelle behov. Uddannelsesmodulet er struktureret over et rollespil om rådgivningssituationen<br />
•    Koncept 2: Et virtuelt videncenter med bl.a. en produktwiki på intra/internettet, der beskriver en lang række af informationer om produktkategorier samt et ressourcecenter om babyer og børns udvikling og behov, som særligt førstegangsfødende søger op til og umiddelbart efter fødslen.</p>
<p><strong>Hvorfor blev det personas I valgte at bruge</strong></p>
<p>Services adskiller sig fra produkter ved, at de er mere uhåndgribelige, konsumeres i det øjeblik, de produceres og er stærkt afhængige af personen, der yder den pågældende service. Der stilles derfor store krav til formidlingen af brugerdata ved brugerdreven serviceinnovation, da det er personalet, der skal forstå og anvende den nye viden i praksis (viden indlejres ikke i et produkt, som ved produktinnovation).</p>
<p>Det var derfor målsætningen, at dokumentationen skulle formidles på en måde, så den giver mening for medarbejderne i BabySam – så de kunne bære den nye viden om brugerne og deres behov ind i en bedre rådgivning. Især er det vigtigt, at salgspersonalet lever sig ind i brugernes behov både før og under de står ansigt-til-ansigt med kunden i rådgivningssituationen. Persona-metoden blev valgt, da den kan fungere som et værktøj for salgsmedarbejderne til at skabe indlevelse i brugenes univers og forstå kundernes forskellige behov for produkter, rådgivning og service. En rapport med anbefalinger ville sandsynligvis have samlet støv på reolen.</p>
<p><strong>Prøv at beskrive jeres personas proces i korte træk</strong></p>
<p>Persona-metoden blev valgt som en af flere metoder tidligt i forløbet under afklaring af projektets sigte og indhold. Design Concern indsamlede herefter data om brugerne og begyndte at skabe konjunkturerne af persona’erne. Disse konjunkturer blev derefter præsenteret på en strategiworkshop med BabySams ledelse og GEMBA Innovation. I en co-creation proces blev personaerne justeret og modnet, efterfulgt af indsamling af flere brugerdata. Der var flere iterationer i denne proces. Til sidste blev de færdige personas præsenteret for BabySams butikschefer på en workshop, hvor GEMBA Innovation underviste i metoden, og hvordan de skulle bruge dem fremover. Herunder blev rollespil anvendt ligesom der var udviklet et værktøj til afkodning af kundebehov.</p>
<p><strong>Var der noget der var svært i processen?</strong></p>
<p>Det er altid en stor fare for at personas bliver karikerede og stereotype, når de anvendes i praksis af en større gruppe. Og har vi valgt de rigtige – for mange eller for få?</p>
<p><strong>Hvad var den største fordel ved at bruge metoden?</strong></p>
<p>Metoden skaber engagement og indlevelse for større grupper, i såvel konstruktion som i praktisk anvendelse. Fx skabte det debat, hvorvidt bedsteforældre mm skulle fungere som en selvstændig persona eller ej. Herigennem blev bedsteforældrenes købsmønstre diskuteret på en meget struktureret måde af flere end blot dataindsamlerne (Design Concern og GEMBA Innovation) og ledelsen i BabySam. En diskussion som er berigende for forståelsen af kunderne, deres forskellige behov og hvordan BabySam møder dem med produkter og rådgivning.</p>
<p><strong>Hvis I skulle gøre det igen, var der så noget I ville gøre om?</strong></p>
<p>Vi ville gøre en større indsats for at undgå karikerede og stereotype personas. Alene dét at give personas navne, der adskiller sig væsentligt fra almindelige navne, gør personas nemmere at huske og tillægge dem flere nuancerede følelser. De skal adskille sig markant fra hinanden ved forskellige behov for rådgivning og service.</p>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Personas research</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=76</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=76#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 07 Jul 2009 11:49:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[In English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=76</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[We at Snitker &#038; Co. are starting a worldwide inquiry concerning how, for what, by whom, and for how long personas are used in companies. If you have used personas in your company and would like to participate in our research, please send an email to ln@snitker.com. We expect to be able to publish the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="textContent">We at Snitker &#038; Co. are starting a worldwide inquiry concerning how, for what, by whom, and for how long personas are used in companies. If you have used personas in your company and would like to participate in our research, please send an email to ln@snitker.com. We expect to be able to publish the results this autumn.</div>
]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>The effect of personas is finally proved</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=75</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=75#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Jun 2009 14:04:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[In English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=75</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In the research Paper &#8211; Real or Imaginary: The effectiveness of using personas in product design by Frank Long, the author investigates the effectiveness of using personas.  The results showed that personas:

Produces designs with superior usability characteristics.
Provide a significant advantage during the research and conceptualisation stages of the design process.
Photographs works better than illustrations.
Visual [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="textContent">In the research Paper &#8211; <a href="http://www.frontend.com/products-digital-devices/real-or-imaginary-the-effectiveness-of-using-personas-in-product-design.html">Real or Imaginary: The effectiveness of using personas in product design</a> by Frank Long, the author investigates the effectiveness of using personas.  The results showed that personas:</p>
<ul>
<li>Produces designs with superior usability characteristics.</li>
<li>Provide a significant advantage during the research and conceptualisation stages of the design process.</li>
<li>Photographs works better than illustrations.</li>
<li>Visual storyboards are more effective in presenting task scenarios than text only versions.</li>
</ul>
</div>
]]></content:encoded>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Personas in a cultural world</title>
		<link>http://personas.dk/?p=70</link>
		<comments>http://personas.dk/?p=70#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2009 09:10:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Lene Nielsen</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[In English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Personas]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://personas.dk/?p=70</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Research points to, that cultural cultural different readers fill the narrative gaps that occur in every text differently. Having this in mind, it becomes interesting to see how different readers interpret a persona description, as differences in interpretation might have impact on cross-cultural projects. 
In the following I will report from two studies of how people [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="textContent">Research points to, that cultural cultural different readers fill the narrative gaps that occur in every text differently. Having this in mind, it becomes interesting to see how different readers interpret a persona description, as differences in interpretation might have impact on cross-cultural projects. </p>
<p>In the following I will report from two studies of how people from different cultures perceive a persona description. The first study is reported <a href="http://openarchive.cbs.dk/cbsweb/handle/10398/7764" target="_blank">here at pp. 43-46 </a>and involved six participants from India, China and Denmark, most were young and students. This study was followed by a second study with eight participants from Japan, Brazil, France, Holland, Russia, New Zealand, Germany and USA. All were familiar with the persona method and all were usability professionals.</p>
<p>The persona portrayed a person working with marketing. The description was written in such a way that there were no cues in the text of age, gender and culture.<br />
In both studies the participants were asked to: 1) read a persona description. 2) find a photo on the internet that resembled the persona. 3) write a short comment on why they had chosen this particular photo. 4) mail both photo and comment to me.</p>
<p>The two studies showed interesting differences.<a id="more-70" /></p>
<p><img id="image73" alt="kvinde.JPG" src="http://personas.dk/wp-content/kvinde.thumbnail.JPG" />                    <img id="image71" alt="mand.JPG" src="http://personas.dk/wp-content/mand.thumbnail.JPG" /><span id="more-70"></span></p>
<p>The two photos show suggestions for the persona from the first and second study, respectively.</p>
<p><!--more--></p>
<p><strong>Strategies for finding photos</strong></p>
<p>In the accounts for the choice of photo there seems to be two strategies at play; either interpreting or looking for clues in the description:</p>
<ul>
<li>Interpreting the text and using the interpretation as explanation for the choice of photo ‘I don’t know why but I tend to associate obesity with reluctance to new technology mindset. Don’t ask me why!’(Indian informant 3). ‘Information Technology means he would earn more money than average’ (Chinese informant 1).</li>
<li>Finding a specific description in the text that serves as explanation for the choice of photo. ‘She has young children and therefore she could not be old’ (Danish informant 2). ‘he has no time to do much exercise, so he may be a little fat’ (Chinese informant 2).<!--more--></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Conclusions from the first study</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Most participants picked a photo of a person in a business suit, even the only photo of a female.<br />
Three participants from India and China chose photos of western looking business men, the rest of the participants chose photos of locals.</li>
<li>The photos from the male Danish participants show persons with a typical Danish look, the female participant chose a person with a non-Danish expression.</li>
<li>All of the Danish participants chose photos of younger persons that chosen by the other participants.</li>
<li>There seems to be a shared and stereotypical comprehension of how a business person looks – despite culture.</li>
<li>Most chose non local appearance.<!--more--></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Conclusions from the second study</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>The photos were more mixed in appearance</li>
<li>In general they portrayed older persons</li>
<li>There was no unambiguous choice of photos</li>
<li>Few chose a photo of a business stereotype (except one who has worked with personas)</li>
<li>All chose local appearance</li>
</ul>
<p><!--more--><strong>Analysis of both studies show</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>The participants chose the age of the persona based on their own age.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>1st experiment: the photos depicted younger persons. Among the participant were several student</li>
<li>2nd experiment: the photos depicted older personas. All participants were professionals.</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>The experienced usability professionals had a higher tendency to choose photos of local</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>1st experiment: several chose non-local apperance.</li>
<li>2nd experiment: all chose local appearance.</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>The experienced used interpretation of the text as a strategy for finding photos while most of the participants in the first experiment chose to find cues in the text, when they argued for.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>There seems to be gender stereotypes at play. When men a depicted they are more often in surroundings showing them with their children as the persona is described as one who cares for the family. When women are depicted they are more often in business surroundings.<!--more--></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
<p>The two studies have several outcomes concerning cross cultural projects:</p>
<ul>
<li>It showed that it is quite easy for the writer to incorporate implicit information. In the first study the writer had given the persona children of a certain age. Together with the age of the persona this, unintended, pointed to a westerner. An Indian reader caught this information immediately as it did not fit with the cultural experience for India.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>It showed that the readers used their own background when trying to understand the persona description and they used persons in their intimate surroundings in order to relate to the persona description. ’I assume I know the person, because of my previous career and involvement in advertising. I, from the get go, had an idea of how I presumed this person to look, since to me we all looked alike at the agency after a while.. I took inspiration from my former superiors and my general ideas of how people in his position dress and tend to appear physically.’(Danish Informant). ’He has a French look (he looks like my brother in law who has similar position in a company).’ (French Informant). ‘Based on some elements in the text I might be more inclined to make it a male, but then again (being the son of a working mother), there is nothing that will not make it possible in the Netherlands to let this persona be a woman.’ (Dutch informant)</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>When reading a description the readers use two different strategies when depicting the persona; either interpreting or looking for clues in the description. Especially the interpretation strategy and the use of known persons might create unintended results in cross-cultural projects and points to, how crucial it is to get the descriptions verified by locals.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p>
<p>I want to thank the CultUsab project and UX Alliance and all the participants.</p></div>
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